Idiografická diagnostika
Roč.1,č.1(2010)
Abstrakt
Přehledová studie upozorňuje, že se od dob W. Windelbanda proměnil pohled na nomotetický a idiografický přístup ve výzkumu i diagnostice. Připomíná, že lze rozlišit užší pojem psychologické testování, jež staví na standardizovaných nástrojích, a širší pojem psychologické hodnocení, psychologická diagnostika opírající se o klinický přístup. S oporou o práci Haynese et al. (2009) pak definuje idiografickou diagnostiku a ukazuje, že jde o proud, který se promyšleně snaží o individualizovat psychologickou diagnostiku. Těžiště přehledové studie spočívá v ukázkách, jak se tyto snahy prosazují při diagnostice individuální kvality života lidí. Míru individualizace diagnostický nástrojů lze odstupňovat – podle O’Boyla et al. (2007) existuje šest stupňů. Studie na příkladu diagnostického nástroje SQLP – Subjective Quality of Life Profile (Dazord et al. 1995, 1998) ilustruje konkrétní podobu individualizace. V závěru jsou shrnuty výhody a nevýhody individualizovaných diagnostických nástrojů.
Reference
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Mcfall, R. M. (2005). Theory and Utility – Key Themes in Evidence-Based Assessment: Comment on the Special Section. Psychological Assessment, 17(3), 312-323. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.17.3.312
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Mumma, G. H. (2001). Increasing Accuracy in Clinical Decision-Making: Toward an Integration of Nomothetic-Aggregate and Idiographic-Idiographic Approaches. The Behavior Therapist, 24(1), 77-94.
O’boyle, C. A., Höfer, S., & Ring, L. (2007) Individualized Quality of Life. In P. Fayers & R. Hays (Eds.), Assessing Quality of Life in Clinical Trials (pp. 225-242). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN.
Shoda, Y., Mischel, W., & Wright, J. C. (1994). Intraindividual stability in the organization and patterning of behavior: Incorporating psychological situations into the idiographic analysis of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(4), 674-687. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.4.674
Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (2003). Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publication. ISBN. .
Windelband, W. (1967) Štrasburský rektorský prejav 1894. In I. Hruškovský & M. Zigo (Eds.), Antológia z diel filozofov. Pozitivizmus, voluntarizmus, novokantovstvo (pp. 524-537). Bratislava: Vydavateľstvo politickej literatúry.
Caldwell, T. L., Cervone, D., & Rubin, L. H. (2008). Explaining intra-individual variability in social behavior through idiographic assessment: The case of humor. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(5), 1229-1242. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2008.03.008
Carr, A. J., & Higginson, I. J. (2001). Measuring Quality of Life: Are Quality of Life Measures Patient Centered. British Medical Journal, 322(7298), 1357-1360. doi:10.1136/bmj.322.7298.1357
Cervone, D., Caldwell, T. L., & Orom, H. (2008) Beyond Person and Situation Effects: Intra-Individual Personality Architecture and Its Implications for the Study of Personality and Social Behavior. In Personality and Social Behavior (pp. 9-48). New York: Taylor and Francis.
Claes, L., Van_Mechelen, I., & Vertommen, H. (2004). Assessment of Situation-Behavior Profiles and Their Guiding and Affective Processes: A Case Study from the Domain of Aggressive Behaviors. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 20(4), 216-226. doi:10.1027/1015-5759.20.4.216
Dazord, A., Astolfl, F., Guisti, P., Rebetez, M. C., Mino, A., Terra, J. L., & Brochier, C. (1998). Quality of life assessment in psychiatry: the Subjective Quality of Life Profile (SQLP) - first results of a new instrument. Community Ment Health Journal, 34(5), 525-535. Retrieved from https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/mentaldisorders.html doi:10.1023/A:1018746614552
Dazord, A., Mercier, C., & Manificat, S. (1995). Evaluation de la qualité de la vie: mise au point d’un instrument d’évaluation dans un context francophone. Revue de Européen de la Psychologie Appplique. , 45, 271-278.
Dempster, M., & Donnelly, M. (2000). How Well Do Elderly People Complete Individualised Quality of Life Measures: An Exploratory Study. Quality of Life Research, 9(4), 369-375. Retrieved from http://www.scholaruniverse.com/ncbi-linkout?id=11131929 doi:10.1023/A:1008959925664
Dijkers, M. P. (2003). Individualization in Quality of Life Measurement: Instruments and Approaches. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 84(4, supl. 2), 3-14. doi:10.1053/apmr.2003.50241
Dupuis, G. H., Tailler, M. C., & Rivard, M. J. (2001). Quality of Life Systemic Inventory (QLSI) : Sensitivity to Change and Psychometric Characteristics. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 23, 883-6612. doi:10.1007/s11136-004-1667-0
Haynes, S. N., Mumma, G. H., & Pinson, C. (2009). Idiographic assessment: Conceptual and psychometric foundations of individualized behavioral assessment. Clinical Psychology Review, 29(2), 179-191. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.12.003
Haynes, S. N., & O' Brien, W. H. (2000). Principles and practice of behavioral assessment. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
Mareš, J. (2008) Individualizované zjišťování kvality života. In J. Mareš et al. (Eds.), Kvalita života u dětí a dospívajících III (pp. 69-109). Brno: MSD.
Martin, F., Camfield, L., & Rodham, K. (2007). Twelve Years’ Experience with Patient Generated Index (PGI) of Quality of Life: A Graded Structure Review. Quality of Life Research, 16(4), 705-715. doi:10.1007/s11136-006-9152-6
Mcfall, R. M. (2005). Theory and Utility – Key Themes in Evidence-Based Assessment: Comment on the Special Section. Psychological Assessment, 17(3), 312-323. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.17.3.312
Meyer, G. J., Finn, S. E., Eyde, L. D., Kay, G. G., Moreland, K. L., Dies, R. R., . . . Reed, G. M. (2001). Psychological testing and psychological assessment: A review of evidence and issues. American Psychologist, 56(2), 128-165. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.56.2.128
Mumma, G. H. (2001). Increasing Accuracy in Clinical Decision-Making: Toward an Integration of Nomothetic-Aggregate and Idiographic-Idiographic Approaches. The Behavior Therapist, 24(1), 77-94.
O’boyle, C. A., Höfer, S., & Ring, L. (2007) Individualized Quality of Life. In P. Fayers & R. Hays (Eds.), Assessing Quality of Life in Clinical Trials (pp. 225-242). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN.
Shoda, Y., Mischel, W., & Wright, J. C. (1994). Intraindividual stability in the organization and patterning of behavior: Incorporating psychological situations into the idiographic analysis of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(4), 674-687. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.4.674
Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (2003). Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publication. ISBN. .
Windelband, W. (1967) Štrasburský rektorský prejav 1894. In I. Hruškovský & M. Zigo (Eds.), Antológia z diel filozofov. Pozitivizmus, voluntarizmus, novokantovstvo (pp. 524-537). Bratislava: Vydavateľstvo politickej literatúry.
